India is home to the largest child population in the world - “The development of
children is the first priority on the country’s development agenda, not because they
are the most vulnerable, but because they are our supreme assets and also the future
human resources of the country”. In these words, the Indian government’s Tenth Five
Year Plan (2002-07) underlines the fact that the future of India lies in the future
of Indian children - across income groups, geographical locations, gender and communities.
However, a significant proportion of children live in economic and social environment
which impedes the child’s physical and mental development. These conditions include
poverty, poor environmental sanitation, disease, infection, inadequate access to
primary health care, inappropriate child caring and feeding practices etc.
To address this gap, this two-part project seeks to address the problems caused by
the lack of importance given to urban designing, land use, and transportation policies
as they apply to development and to raise awareness and develop and implement collaborative
activities designed to make cities more livable for children.Phase one is focused
on information gathering and conducting a study. The study included both qualitative
and quantitative samples in order to get a wider perspective of the issues faced
by the children in Bangalore and Nagpur cities.
Phase 2 will be to implement activities based on the research results of the study
report completed in both Bangalore and Nagpur.
Objectives
The overall goal of the programme is to improve the quality of life for children
in urban areas.
Its specific objectives are to:
To study the existing policies related to urban planning, design, management, their
impact on children.
To identify structures and evaluate the performance dimensions (vitality, sense,
fit, access & control) of the city of Bangalore.
To improve public and political understanding about the existing situation for children
in Bangalore.
To generate political support for the application of successful and replicable models
of a “Livable City for Children” in Bangalore.
Project Results
Key results identified in the study made it clear that the cities of Nagpur and Bangalore
record average standards of available space and infrastructure for child developmental
activities. In Bangalore, this is particularly a problem in the newly amalgamated
areas of the city. Not all of the housing societies in city have open space, playground
or garden areas for the recreational activities of the children. In those areas that
do have playgrounds or gardens the spaces are not properly maintained to use for
any recreational purpose. The city is also lacking activities and infrastructure
that would support girls playing. Girls do not have a proper place to hang out in
the evening or to play games. Most of the available grounds are meant for boys in
the city. Specific findings include:
Recommendations
As a result of this study, the objectives for phase 2 include:
Increasing the number of safe, accessible, and fun places for children to play,
which will Increase the number of children playing, especially girls, increase physical
activity in children, and decrease pedestrian and vehicle collusions involving children;
Increasing the number of safe pedestrian only areas, which will increase the
number of people using public spaces, decrease pedestrian injuries, increase physical
activity, and create increased economic opportunities and community cohesion;
Increase the number of organizations working on children’s urban health issues,
which will increase the number of policies and programmes for children.
In Nagpur very few housing societies have proper recreational facilities for children.
Open grounds or spaces are the only place to play
Recreational activities such as activity clubs are only accessible to the higher
upper class
Forty seven percent of parents report that there are no recreational facilities in
their community.
Girls are not encouraged to play outdoors as it is not considered safe.
Sixteen percent children play for less than an hour a day, 11% children do not play
every day and 3% children do not play at all.
Thirty-three percent of children play on the streets.
1% children play in gardens.
Not all housing societies have playgrounds or gardens nearby and the children are
left with no other option rather than playing on street.
Majority of the parent’s view that parks, gardens and playgrounds makes the city
more livable for children.
Majority (23%) of the parents comment that Nagpur should have more children’s parks
and play ground in all the localities whereas 16% of them said that children clubs
such as sports and other clubs should be encouraged in all the housing communities.
Parents of differently abled children feel the need of having a park exclusively
for children with disabilities.
Bangalore:
Majority of the children stay close to school, which suggests that walking or cycling
to school is a possible option. However, safety deters them to do so.
Children are concerned about safety due to heavy traffic and no/less law enforcement
in the school premises.
Most widely used mode of transportation is public transport system.
Less frequency and overcrowding make the public transport system unfavorable mode
of transportation.
Traffic and pollution is the major challenges faced by the children while travelling.
Parks are the most favorite hangout places for children.
Bangalore City is not friendly for the differently able.
Human resources at various levels play a significant role in creating child friendly
city.
The stakeholders’ vision was for a clean and safe Bangalore city with more greenery
and open space and desire to get back the past glory of the city.